Finance that behaves the same every time
Clear rules, reproducible outcomes, no front-running, no surprises.
The Missing Trust Layer of the Internet & Offline P2P
True Sovereign Identity × Cash 2.0
FINALIZED PAYMENTS OVER BLUETOOTH
✈️ Two DSM devices transacting over Bluetooth in Airplane Mode
🎧 LISTEN TO THE DSM DEEP DIVE
The Complete Guide to Understanding DSM Protocol
Episode 1: The Foundation
Instant per-relationship finality. Works offline. Private by default.
Realizing the True Peer-to-Peer Vision
Finality doesn’t require going online
Payments and updates are final inside each relationship the moment both parties accept.
Relationship tracks
Each counterparty pair has its own history—independent, asynchronous, and non-blocking.
b0x (your inbox)
When you’re online, receive transactions waiting for you and update only the relationships that sent them.
Proven throughput
900-1100 TPS 🔥 PER DEVICE (Samsung Galaxy A54).
Deterministic Finance (DeTFI)
Built for Real-World Apps
Build in any language
Keep your stack. Use a simple schema at the edges for trust and validation.
Rust-native SDK
Removes low-level details so teams can launch quickly and safely.
No smart-contract VM
Write normal application logic you can test, version, and ship.
Instant finality
Nothing to confirm, nothing to roll back—inside each relationship.
Double-spend blocked by design
Bad attempts are rejected automatically.
Private by default
No global ledger to trawl; your relationships stay your relationships.
Scales as users grow
Throughput grows with relationships—not block sizes or validator counts.
Predictable economics
No gas fees. Subscription model with stable, transparent costs.
Not a Mesh Network — A Trust Layer
Different job
Mesh solves connectivity. DSM solves trust—what’s final and true.
No relays required
Direct peer-to-peer. Finality doesn’t depend on middle hops.
Instant finality
Mesh finds a path; it doesn’t finalize anything. DSM finalizes per relationship, even offline.
Transport-agnostic
Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct, QR, NFC, cable—whatever pipe you have.
Scales by relationships
Performance isn’t tied to routing complexity or hop counts.
“Dumb”, by design
Storage nodes are “dumb” and signatureless; devices verify truth at the edge.
Technology
DSM State Flow
- Sender
- Receiver
- Hashed step
Every step carries its own proof. No global ordering layer. Finality is local to the relationship.
What this means for you
- Offline payments that are final on the spot.
- No waiting rooms, queues, miners, or validators.
- Problems don’t cascade—each relationship is its own track.
How it Works at a Glance
Relationship tracks
Only the relationships that involve you matter—no world chain to catch up on.
Forward-only moves
States only advance, so there’s nothing to unwind.
Smart commitments
Deterministic, auditable steps instead of open-ended code.
Language-agnostic integration
Your code, your tooling—use a simple schema at the edges.
Decentralized Storage Network
Run “dumb”, signatureless storage nodes (by design). Stake ERA and earn predictable income for reliable service.
Tokens & Assets
No token standards
Design tokens exactly for your app’s needs. Creativity and fit over templates.
Policies travel with the token
Rules are clear to end users and move with the asset, end-to-end.
Fees in ERA
Create and operate assets with transparent, policy-based flows.
Read the Full Whitepaper
Explore the complete technical specification of the DSM protocol.
Instant finality, offline payments, private relationships, and scale that grows with people—not servers. Deterministic finance without fee roulette.
View WhitepaperMarch 16, 2025
Drop-In Cloning Protection for Any System
Technical Paper: Dual-Binding Random Walk (DBRW)
Makes copy-paste identities worthless by binding use to real devices and environments. No enclaves, no online checks. Tamper resistance, continuity, and rollback prevention.
View Technical PaperMay 14, 2025
Cryptographic Stateless Stitching: SMTs & Bilateral Relationships
Tripwire invariants for unforgeable network integrity
Built-in tripwires reject bad behavior without any global coordination. Attempts to cheat become obvious and get rejected permanently.
View Research PaperJune 19, 2025
DSM Emissions Model
Predictable, Transparent Token Distribution
A deterministic emissions schedule that eliminates surprise inflation. Clear rules for storage-node rewards, subscription burns, and long-term supply trajectory.
View Emissions PaperOctober, 2025
DSM Storage Node Specification
Decentralized, Signatureless Storage Architecture
Technical specification for DSM storage nodes: "dumb" by design, signatureless persistence, staking mechanics, replication strategies, and reward distribution for reliable decentralized storage.
View Storage SpecDecember, 2025
Statelessness Reframed: a16z Lower Bound & DSM vs INTMAX
Why Partitioned, Relationship-Local State Escapes the a16z Lower Bound
An analysis of how DSM's relationship-local state model sidesteps the impossibility results that constrain global-state systems, with a direct comparison to INTMAX's stateless rollup approach.
View Research PaperDecember, 2025
DSM: A Concise, Post-Quantum Specification
Formal Protocol Specification with Post-Quantum Cryptography
A rigorous, compact specification of the DSM protocol covering state transitions, cryptographic primitives (SPHINCS+, Kyber, BLAKE3), envelope structure, and security proofs—designed for implementers and auditors.
View SpecificationDecember, 2025